Vibration and Shock

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• Vibration and Shock Handbook
• Preface
• Contents
• 1 Time-Domain Analysis Clarence W. de Silva
• 1.1 Introduction
• 1.2 Undamped Oscillator
• 1.3 Heavy Springs
• 1.4 Oscillations in Fluid Systems
• 1.5 Damped Simple Oscillator
• 1.6 Forced Response
• 2 Frequency-Domain Analysis Clarence W. de Silva
• 2.1 Introduction
• 2.2 Response to Harmonic Excitations
• 2.3 Transform Techniques
• 2.4 Mechanical Impedance Approach
• 2.4.1 Interconnection Laws
• 2.5 Transmissibility Functions
• 2.6 Receptance Method
• Bibliography
• Appendix 2A Transform Techniques
• 2A.1 Introduction
• 2A.2 Laplace Transform
• 2A.3 Response Analysis
• 2A.4 Transfer Function
• 2A.5 Fourier Transform
• 2A.6 The s-Plane
• 3 Modal Analysis Clarence W. de Silva
• 3.1 Introduction
• 3.2 Degrees of Freedom and Independent Coordinates
• 3.3 System Representation
• 3.4 Modal Vibrations
• 3.5 Orthogonality of Natural Modes
• 3.6 Static Modes and Rigid-Body Modes
• 3.7 Other Modal Formulations
• 3.8 Forced Vibration
• 3.9 Damped Systems
• 3.10 State-Space Approach
• Appendix 3A
• 3A.1 Introduction
• 3A.2 Vectors and Matrices
• 3A.3 Vector–Matrix Algebra
• 3A.4 Matrix Inverse
• 3A.5 Vector Spaces
• 3A.6 Determinants
• 3A.7 System of Linear Equations
• 3A.8 Quadratic Forms
• 3A.9 Matrix Eigenvalue Problem
• 3A.10 Matrix Transformations
• 3A.11 Matrix Exponential
• 4 Distributed-Parameter Systems Clarence W. de Silva
• 4.1 Introduction
• 4.2 Transverse Vibration of Cables
• 4.3 Longitudinal Vibrations of Rods
• 4.4 Torsional Vibration of Shafts
• 4.5 Flexural Vibration of Beams
• 4.6 Damped Continuous Systems
• 4.7 Vibration of Membranes and Plates
• Bibliography
• 5 Random Vibration Haym Benaroya Rutgers University
• 5.1 Random Vibration
• 5.2 Single Degree of Freedom: The Response to Random Loads
• 5.3 Response to Two Random Loads
• 5.4 Multi-Degree-of-Freedom Vibration
• 5.5 Multi-Degree-of-Freedom: The Response to Random Loads
• 5.6 Continuous System Random Vibration
• 6 Numerical Techniques Marie D. Dahleh Harvard University
• 6.1 Introduction
• 6.2 Single-Degree-of-Freedom System
• 6.3 Systems with Two or More Degrees of Freedom
• 6.4 Finite Difference Method for a Continuous System
• 6.5 Matrix Methods
• 6.6 Approximation Methods for the Fundamental Frequency
• 6.7 Finite Element Method
• 7 Vibration Modeling and Software Tools Datong Song
• 7.1 Introduction
• 7.2 Formulation
• 7.3 Vibration Analysis
• 7.4 Commercial Software Packages
• 7.5 The Basic Procedure of Vibration Analysis
• 7.6 An Engineering Case Study
• 7.7 Comments
• References
• 8 Computer Analysis of Flexibly Supported Multibody Systems Ibrahim Esat
• 8.1 Introduction
• 8.2 Theory
• 8.3 A Numerical Example
• 8.4 An Industrial Vibration Design Problem
• 8.5 Programming Considerations
• 8.6 VIBRATIO
• 8.7 Analysis
• 8.8 Comments
• Bibliography
• 9 Finite Element Applications in Dynamics Mohamed S. Gadala
• 9.1 Problem and Element Classification
• 9.2 Types of Analysis
• 9.3 Modeling Aspects for Dynamic Analysis
• 9.4 Equations of Motion and Solution Methods
• 9.5 Various Dynamic Analyses
• 9.6 Checklist for Dynamic FE Analysis
• References
• 10 Vibration Signal Analysis Clarence W. de Silva
• 10.1 Introduction
• 10.2 Frequency Spectrum
• 10.3 Signal Types
• 10.4 Fourier Analysis
• 10.5 Analysis of Random Signals
• 10.6 Other Topics of Signal Analysis
• 10.7 Overlapped Processing
• 11 Wavelets — Concepts and Applications Pol D. Spanos
• 11.1 Introduction
• 11.2 Time – Frequency Analysis
• 11.3 Time-Dependent Spectra Estimation of Stochastic Processes
• 11.4 Random Field Simulation
• 11.5 System Identification
• 11.6 Damage Detection
• 11.7 Material Characterization
• 11.8 Concluding Remarks
• References
• 12 Mechanical Shock Christian Lalanne
• 12.1 Definitions
• 12.2 Description in the Time Domain
• 12.3 Shock Response Spectrum
• 12.4 Pyroshocks
• 12.5 Use of Shock Response Spectra
• 12.6 Standards
• 12.7 Damage Boundary Curve
• 12.8 Shock Machines
• 12.9 Generation of Shock Using Shakers
• 12.10 Control by a Shock Response Spectrum
• 12.11 Pyrotechnic Shock Simulation
• References
• 13 Vibration and Shock Problems of Civil Engineering Structures Priyan Mendis
• 13.1 Introduction
• 13.2 Earthquake-Induced Vibration of Structures
• 13.3 Dynamic Effects of Wind Loading on Structures
• 13.4 Vibrations Due to Fluid – Structure Interaction
• 13.5 Blast Loading and Blast Effects on Structures
• 13.6 Impact Loading
• 13.7 Floor Vibration
• Bibliography
• 14 Reinforced Concrete Structures Y.L. Mo
• 14.1 Introduction
• 14.2 Analytical Models
• 14.3 Beams under Harmonic Excitations
• 14.4 Design for Explosions/Shocks
• References
• 15 Vibration Instrumentation Clarence W. de Silva
• 15.1 Introduction
• 15.2 Vibration Exciters
• 15.3 Control System
• 15.4 Performance Specification
• 15.5 Motion Sensors and Transducers
• 15.6 Torque, Force, and Other Sensors
• References
• Appendix 15A
• 15A.1 Dynamic Signals
• 15A.2 Measurement Configuration Considerations
• 15A.3 Scaling and Calibration
• 15A.4 Limit Testing Analysis
• 15A.5 Integration
• 15A.6 Vibration-Level Measurements
• 15A.7 Frequency Analysis
• 15A.8 Transient Analysis
• 15A.9 Waterfall Display
• 15A.10 Swept-Sine Measurements
• 16 Signal Conditioning and Modification Clarence W. de Silva
• 16.1 Introduction
• 16.2 Amplifiers
• 16.3. Note that only the magnitude of thefrequency-response function is shown.
• 16.4 Modulators and Demodulators
• 16.5 Analog – Digital Conversion
• 16.6 Bridge Circuits
• 16.7 Linearizing Devices
• 16.8 Miscellaneous Signal Modification Circuitry
• 16.9 Signal Analyzers and Display Devices
• Bibliography
• 17 Vibration Testing Clarence W. de Silva
• 17.1 Introduction
• 17.2 Representation of a Vibration Environment
• 17.3 Pretest Procedures
• 17.4 Testing Procedures
• 17.5 Some Practical Information
• Bibliography
• 18 Experimental Modal Analysis Clarence W. de Silva
• 18.1 Introduction
• 18.2 Frequency-Domain Formulation
• 18.3 Experimental Model Development
• 18.4 Curve Fitting of Transfer Functions
• 18.5 Laboratory Experiments
• 18.6 Commercial EMA Systems
• Bibliography
• 19 Vibration Damping Clarence W. de Silva
• 19.1 Introduction
• 19.2 Types of Damping
• 19.3 Representation of Damping in Vibration Analysis
• 19.4 Measurement of Damping
• 19.5 Interface Damping
• 20 Damping Theory Randall D. Peters
• 20.1 Preface
• 20.2 Introduction
• 20.3 Background
• 20.4 Hysteresis — More Details
• 20.5 Damping Models
• 20.6 Measurements of Damping
• 20.7 Hysteretic Damping
• 20.8 Failure of the Common Theory
• 20.9 Air Influence
• 20.10 Noise and Damping
• 20.11 Transform Methods
• 20.12 Hysteretic Damping
• 20.13 Internal Friction
• 20.14 Mathematical Tricks — Linear Damping Approximations
• 20.15 Internal Friction Physics
• 20.16 Zener Model
• 20.17 Toward a Universal Model of Damping
• 20.18 Nonlinearity
• 20.19 Concluding Remark
• Bibliography
• 21 Experimental Techniques in Damping Randall D. Peters
• 21.1 Electronic Considerations
• 21.2 Data Processing
• 21.3 Sensor Choices
• 21.4 Damping Examples
• 21.5 Driven Oscillators with Damping
• 21.6 Oscillator with Multiple Nonlinearities
• 21.7 Multiple Modes of Vibration
• 21.8 Internal Friction as Source of Mechanical Noise
• 21.9 Viscous Damping — Need for Caution
• 21.10 Air Influence
• References
• 22 Structure and Equipment Isolation Y.B. Yang
• 22.1 Introduction
• 22.2 Mechanisms of Base-Isolated Systems
• 22.3 Structure – Equipment Systems with Elastomeric Bearings
• 22.4 Sliding Isolation Systems
• 22.5 Sliding Isolation Systems with Resilient Mechanism
• 22.6 Issues Related to Seismic Isolation Design
• References
• 23 Vibration Control Nader Jalili
• 23.1 Introduction
• 23.2 Vibration-Control Systems Concept
• 23.3 Vibration-Control Systems Design and Implementation
• 23.4 Practical Considerations and Related Topics
• References
• 24 Helicopter Rotor Tuning Kourosh Danai
• 24.1 Introduction
• 24.2 Neural Network-Based Tuning
• 24.3 Probability-Based Tuning
• 24.4 Adaptive Tuning
• 24.5 Case Study
• 24.6 Conclusion
• References
• 25 Machine Condition Monitoring and Fault Diagnostics
• 25.1 Introduction
• 25.2 Machinery Failure
• 25.3 Basic Maintenance Strategies
• 25.4 Factors which Influence Maintenance Strategy
• 25.5 Machine Condition Monitoring
• 25.6 Transducer Selection
• 25.7 Transducer Location
• 25.8 Recording and Analysis Instrumentation
• 25.9 Display Formats and Analysis Tools
• 25.10 Fault Detection
• 25.11 Fault Diagnostics
• References
• 26 Vibration-Based Tool Condition Monitoring Systems C. Scheffer
• 26.1 Introduction
• 26.2 Mechanics of Turning
• 26.3 Vibration Signal Recording
• 26.4 Signal Processing for Sensor-Based Tool Condition Monitoring
• 26.5 Wear Model/Decision-Making for Sensor-Based Tool Condition Monitoring
• 26.6 Conclusion
• References
• 27 Fault Diagnosis of Helicopter Gearboxes Kourosh Danai
• 27.1 Introduction
• 27.2 Abnormality Scaling
• 27.3 The Structure-Based Connectionist Network
• 27.4 Sensor Location Selection
• 27.5 A Case Study
• 27.6 Conclusion
• References
• 28 Vibration Suppression and Monitoring in Precision Motion Systems
• 28.1 Introduction
• 28.2 Mechanical Design to Minimize Vibration
• 28.3 Adaptive Notch Filter
• 28.4 Real-Time Vibration Analyzer
• 28.5 Practical Insights and Case Study
• 28.6 Conclusions
• References
• 29 Seismic Base Isolation and Vibration Control Hirokazu Iemura
• 29.1 Introduction
• 29.2 Seismic Base Isolation
• 29.3 Seismic Vibration Control
• 30 Seismic Random Vibration of Long-Span Structures Jiahao Lin
• 30.1 Introduction
• 30.2 Seismic Random-Excitation Fields
• 30.3 Pseudoexcitation Method for Structural Random Vibration Analysis
• 30.4 Long-Span Structures Subjected to Stationary Random Ground Excitations
• 30.5 Long-Span Structures Subjected to Nonstationary Random Ground Excitations
• 30.6 Conclusions
• References
• 31 Seismic Qualification of Equipment Clarence W. de Silva
• 31.1 Introduction
• 31.2 Distribution Qualification
• 31.3 Seismic Qualification
• Bibliography
• 32 Vibration Design and Control Clarence W. de Silva
• 32.1 Introduction
• 32.2 Specification of Vibration Limits
• 32.3 Vibration Isolation
• 32.4 Balancing of Rotating Machinery
• 32.5 Balancing of Reciprocating Machines
• 32.6 Whirling of Shafts
• 32.7 Design through Modal Testing
• 32.8 Passive Control of Vibration
• 32.9 Active Control of Vibration
• 32.10 Control of Beam Vibrations
• Bibliography
• Appendix 32A
• 32A.1 Introduction
• 32A.2 MATLAB
• 32A.3 Control Systems Toolbox
• 33 Structural Dynamic Modification and Sensitivity Analysis
• 33.1 Introduction
• 33.2 Structural Dynamic Modification of Finite Element Model
• 33.3 Perturbation Method of Vibration Modes
• 33.4 Design Sensitivity Analysis of Structural Vibration Modes
• 33.5 High-Accuracy Modal Superposition for Sensitivity Analysis of Modes
• 33.6 Sensitivity of Eigenvectors for Free – Free Structures
• 33.7 Matrix Perturbation Theory for Repeated Modes
• 33.8 Matrix Perturbation Method for Closely Spaced Eigenvalues
• 33.9 Matrix Perturbation Theory for Complex Modes
• References
• 34 Vibration in Rotating Machinery
• 34.1 Introduction
• 34.2 Vibration Basics
• 34.3 Rotordynamic Analysis
• 34.4 Vibration Measurement and Techniques
• 34.5 Vibration Control and Diagnostics
• Reference Number Title/Description
• References
• 35 Regenerative Chatter in Machine Tools Robert G. Landers
• 35.1 Introduction
• 35.2 Chatter in Turning Operations
• 35.3 Chatter in Face-Milling Operations
• 35.4 Time-Domain Simulation
• 35.5 Chatter Detection
• 35.6 Chatter Suppression
• 35.7 Case Study
• References
• 36 Fluid-Induced Vibration Seon M. Han
• 36.1 Description of the Ocean Environment
• 36.2 Fluid Forces
• 36.3 Examples
• References
• 37 Sound Levels and Decibels S. Akishita
• 37.1 Introduction
• 37.2 Sound Wave Characteristics
• 37.3 Levels and Decibels
• 38 Hearing and Psychological Effects S. Akishita
• 38.1 Introduction
• 38.2 Structure and Function of the Ear [1]
• 38.3 Frequency and Loudness Response
• 38.4 Hearing Loss
• 38.5 Psychological Effects of Noise
• 39 Noise Control Criteria and Regulations S. Akishita
• 39.1 Introduction
• 39.2 Basic Ideas behind Noise Policy
• 39.3 Legislation
• 39.4 Regulation
• 39.5 Measures of Noise Evaluation
• 40 Instrumentation Kiyoshi Nagakura
• 40.1 Sound Intensity Measurement
• 40.2 Mirror–Microphone System
• 40.3 Microphone Array
• References
• 41 Source of Noise S. Akishita
• 41.1 Introduction
• 41.2 Radiation of Sound
• References
• 42 Design of Absorption Teruo Obata
• 42.1 Introduction
• 42.2 Fundamentals of Sound Absorption
• 42.3 Sound-Absorbing Materials
• 42.4 Acoustic Characteristic Computation of Compound Wall
• 42.5 Attenuation of Lined Ducts
• 42.6 Attenuation of Dissipative Mufflers
• 42.7 General Considerations
• 42.8 Practical Example of Dissipative Muffler
• References
• 43 Design of Reactive Mufflers Teruo Obata
• 43.1 Introduction
• 43.2 Fundamental Equations
• 43.3 Effects of Reactive Mufflers
• 43.4 Calculation Procedure
• 43.5 Application Range of Model
• 43.6 Practical Example
• References
• 44 Design of Sound Insulation Kiyoshi Okura
• 44.1 Theory of Sound Insulation
• 44.2 Application of Sound Insulation
• 45 Statistical Energy Analysis Takayuki Koizumi
• 45.1 Introduction
• 45.2 Power Flow Equations
• 45.3 Estimation of SEA Parameters
• 45.4 Application in Structures
• References
• Glossary

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